Essay on Crimes and Punishments

Essay on Crimes and Punishments

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  • Genres: 
    Law
  • Languages: 
    English
  • Provider: Librivox
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Beccaria's treatise On Crimes and Punishments, which condemns disproportionate and irrational penalties in general as well as torture and the death penalty, is said to mark the peak of Enlightenment in Milan. Its translations were widely read by statesmen and policy makers in Britain, America and France. This translation also features the anonymous commentary, attributed to Voltaire. - Summary by Carolin
Chapters
  • 01
    Introduction
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  • 02
    Preface by the Translator of M.D. Voltaire's Commentary
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  • 03
    Chapter I - On the Origin of Punishments
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  • 04
    Chapter II - On the Right to Punish
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  • 05
    Chapter III - Consequences of the foregoing principles
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  • 06
    Chapter IV - Of the Interpretation of Laws
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  • 07
    Chapter V - Of the Obscurity of Laws
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  • 08
    Chapter VI - Of the Proportion between Crimes and Punishments
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  • 09
    Chapter VII - Of Estimating the Degree of Crimes
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  • 10
    Chapter VIII - Of the Division of Crimes
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  • 11
    Chapter IX - Of Honour
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  • 12
    Chapter X - Of Duelling
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  • 13
    Chapter XI - Of Crimes which Disturb Public Tranquillity
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  • 14
    Chapter XII - Of the Intent of Punishments
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  • 15
    Chapter XIII - Of the Credibility of Witnesses
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  • 16
    Chapter XIV - Of Evidence and the Proofs of a Crime, and of the Form of Judgment
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  • 17
    Chapter XV - Of Secret Accusation
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  • 18
    Chapter XVI - Of Torture
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  • 19
    Chapter XVII - Of Pecuniary Punishments
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  • 20
    Chapter XVIII - Of Oaths
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  • 21
    Chapter XIX - Of the Advantage of Immediate Punishment
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  • 22
    Chapter XX - Of Acts of Violence
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  • 23
    Chapter XXI - Of the Punishment of the Nobles
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  • 24
    Chapter XXII - Of Robbery
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  • 25
    Chapter XXIII - Of Infamy considered as a Punishment
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  • 26
    Chapter XXIV - Of Idleness
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  • 27
    Chapter XXV - Of Banishment and Confiscation
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  • 28
    Chapter XXVI - Of the Spirit of Family in States
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  • 29
    Chapter XXVII - Of the Mildness of Punishments
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  • 30
    Chapter XXVIII - Of the Punishment of Death
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  • 31
    Chapter XXIX - Of Imprisonment
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  • 32
    Chapter XXX - Of Prosecution and Prescription
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  • 33
    Chapter XXXI - Of Crimes of Difficult Proof
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  • 34
    Chapter XXXII - Of Suicide
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  • 35
    Chapter XXXIII - Of Smuggling
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  • 36
    Chapter XXXIV - Of Bankrupts
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  • 37
    Chapter XXXV - Of Sanctuaries
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  • 38
    Chapter XXXVI - Of Rewards for Apprehending or Killing Criminals
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  • 39
    Chapter XXXVII - Of Attempts, Acomplices and Pardon
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  • 40
    Chapter XXXVIII - Of Suggestive Interrogations
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  • 41
    Chapter XXXIX - Of a Peculiar Kind of Crimes
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  • 42
    Chapter XL - Of False Ideas of Utility
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  • 43
    Chapter XLI - Of the Means of Preventing Crimes
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  • 44
    Chapter XLII - Of the Sciences
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  • 45
    Chapter XLIII - Of Magistrates
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  • 46
    Chapter XLIV - Of Rewards
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  • 47
    Chapter XLV - Of Education
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  • 48
    Chapter XLVI - Of Pardons
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  • 49
    Chapter XLVII - Conclusion
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  • 50
    Commentary - Chapter I - The Circumstances that Occasioned this Commentary
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  • 51
    Commentary - Chapter II - Of Punishments
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  • 52
    Commentary - Chapter III - Of the Punishment of Heretics
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  • 53
    Commentary - Chapter IV - Of the Extirpation of Heresies
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  • 54
    Commentary - Chapter V - Of Blasphemy and Profanation
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  • 55
    Commentary - Chapter VI - Of the Indulgence of the Romans in Matters of Religion
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  • 56
    Commentary - Chapter VII - Of the Crime of Unlawful Preaching - Story of Anthony
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  • 57
    Commentary - Chapter VIII - The Story of Simon Morin
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  • 58
    Commentary - Chapter IX - Of Witches
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  • 59
    Commentary - Chapter X - Of Capital Punishment
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  • 60
    Commentary - Chapter XI - Of the Execution of Sentences
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  • 61
    Commentary - Chapter XII - Of Torture
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  • 62
    Commentary - Chapter XIII - Of Certain Sanguinary Tribunals
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  • 63
    Commentary - Chapter XIV - Of the Difference Between Political and Natural Laws
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  • 64
    Commentary - Chapter XV - Of the Crime of High Treason - Of Titus Oates and of the Death of Augustine de Thou
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  • 65
    Commentary - Chapter XVI - Of the Revealing of Crimes (Before Commission) by Religious Confession
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  • 66
    Commentary - Chapter XVII - Of Counterfeiting Money
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  • 67
    Commentary - Chapter XVIII - Of Domestic Theft
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  • 68
    Commentary - Chapter XIX - Of Suicide
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  • 69
    Commentary - Chapter XX - Of a Certain Species of Mutilation
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  • 70
    Commentary - Chapter XXI - Of the Confiscation Consequent upon all the Crimes which Have Been Mentioned
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  • 71
    Commentary - Chapter XXII - Of Criminal Proceedings, and of Some Other Forms of Procedure
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  • 72
    Commentary - Chapter XXIII - The Idea of a Reform Suggested
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